Obesity Risk

data type health risk scans required bodyscan sources heo, m , faith, m s , pietrobelli, a , & heymsfield, s b (2012) percentage of body fat cutoffs by sex, age, and race ethnicity in the us adult population from nhanes 1999–2004 the american journal of clinical nutrition, 95(3), 594 602 gallagher, d , heymsfield, s b , heo, m , jebb, s a , murgatroyd, p r , & sakamoto, y (2000) healthy percentage body fat ranges an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index the american journal of clinical nutrition, 72(3), 694 701 validation predictors of total body fat have been externally validated (prof timothy r ackland) validated against idxa predictors age, height, weight, gender, total body fat % predictors risk category the study does split by ethnicity, accounting for only a small difference between the races by using the average of all cutoffs and not asking for ethnicity it can reduce identifiable and race related issues however, partners who have that demographic can use the exact dataset to be closer to the published paper formula/calculation tbf is mapped directly to published data risk category low, medium, high, very high cohort us adult population from nhanes 1999–2004 strengths & weaknesses excess fatness in most epidemiologic studies has been defined on the basis of overweight or obese bmi (in kg/m2) however, it has often been debated whether bmi represents body fat adequately currently, there exists no consensus of the percentage of body fat criteria to define obesity or excess percentage of body fat previous research has attempted to provide recommendations, often limited by their use of criterion standard of measurement or small populations cutoffs have been proposed for three ethnicities using dxa as a criterion method by gallagher et al , 2000 although these cutoffs have been generally accepted as the standard for research purposes, the initial research is again limited in population size (n = 1,626) an update to these cutoffs was proposed by heo et al , 2012, ethnicity and sex specific cutoffs are based on over 16,000 american adults we have presented heo and colleague’s cutoffs for the classification of body fat percentage below we have also presented the cutoffs presented by gallagher et al 2000 feedback & changes notes terminology use " people first " language e g “obese women” becomes "women living with obesity" about the world health organization defines obesity as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health obesity is a major risk factor for chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer the world health organization estimates half of the adult population worldwide are overweight or obese risk categories low body fat % a low body fat percentage is normally associated with the 'underweight' bmi category and individuals who are either considered as 'lean' (excess muscle mass) or 'underweight' (reduced body fat) medium body fat % a medium body fat percentage is normally associated with the 'normal' bmi category high body fat % a high body fat percentage is normally associated with the 'overweight' bmi category very high bf% a very high body fat percentage is normally associated with the 'obese' bmi category age 18 29 category males females low < 13 83 < 26 67 medium ≥ 13 83 < 24 43 ≥ 26 67 < 36 67 high ≥ 24 43 < 29 40 ≥ 36 67 < 41 40 very high ≥ 29 40 ≥ 41 40 age 30 49 category males females low < 15 03 < 27 70 medium ≥ 15 03 < 24 80 ≥ 27 70 < 37 20 high ≥ 24 80 < 29 40 ≥ 37 20 < 41 70 very high ≥ 29 40 ≥ 41 70 age 50+ category males females low < 17 87 < 30 43 medium ≥ 17 87 < 27 10 ≥ 30 43 < 39 33 high ≥ 27 10 < 31 47 ≥ 39 33 < 43 53 very high ≥ 31 47 ≥ 43 53